1	Technology Workshop Simple Machines Basic Electricity Structures There is nothing to fear Its just everyday stuff It doesn’t have to be complicated
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3	Lever Samples of Levers Wheelbarrow, Bottle opener, See Saw, Claw Hammer, Crowbar, Tongs
4	Inclined Plane Samples of Inclined Planes Simple Ramp, Escalator, Stairs, Ship Plank, and Ladder
5	Wedge A Wedge can be one sloping surface, a Single Incline Plane, like a doorstop. Or two sloping surfaces, a Double Incline Plane, like the Wedge used to split wood for the fireplace. Samples of Wedges Ax Head, Log Spliter, Chisel, Knife, Nails, Doorstop, Plows, Tip of Screwdriver, Scissors, Needles, and Pins.
6	Screw Samples of Screws Fasteners (screws, nuts, bots), Propellers (fan blades), Car Jacks
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8	Samples of Wheel and Axle Other examples of Wheel and Axle Door Knobs, Screwdrivers (the whole screwdriver), Water Faucets, Handle Bars on a Bike, Airplane Propellers, Helicopter Blades, Fan Blades, Wheels on a Car, Wagon, Bike (or anything).
9	Pulleys In the above figure, if you are going to suspend the 100 pound weight in the air then you have to apply an upward force of 100 pounds to the rope. If the rope is 100 feet (30.5 meters) long and you want to lift the weight up 100 feet, you have to pull in 100 feet of rope to do it.
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13	Everyday Simple Machines
14	Electricity
15	Batteries in Parallel and Series Circuits Simple Circuits
16	Structures
17	"The goal of Destination Imagination..." The goal of Destination Imagination is to encourage kids to learn, stretch themselves and have fun. Kids that really enjoy the Structure Challenge will begin to see the “structure” in everything around them. They will wonder WHY things they see are designed the way they are. They will also be able to recognize and admire the “design elegance” they see in natural structures. This awareness, appreciation and curiosity is perhaps the greatest benefit this Challenge has to offer.
18	Safety There are many tools for cutting and forming material, nearly all of them are very sharp! Sharp edges should always be directed away from the flesh. Wear eye protection while cutting and shaping things. Always work in a well ventilated area.
19	Tools Sharp tools such as razors and x-acto knifes (used extensively for balsa) are commonly used for this type of problem. When any sharp tool is used, sharp edges should always be directed away from flesh Let team members experiment with cutting, breaking and sanding wood with various tools (including a razor saw, such as x-acto makes) (encourage them to explore any tool they think will allow them to build better/easier.) A Razor Saw can be use with a mini-mitre box to make “square” cuts. Examine cuts under a magnifying glass to make sure your saw/blade is not crushing the wood during the cutting process. Strong joints require clean cuts.
20	Construction Area A large open table with lots of overhead light, where team can place building jigs, weigh wood, saw wood, assemble, & finish structures. Cover the table top (sheet of thick plastic or masonite) (unless you like glue and scratch marks to give it that antique look). Access to ventilation (kitchen exhaust fans are ideal) in case of glue fumes. A computer is ideal for drawing straight designs (snap to grid) and keeping track of designs If not, Graph Paper, rulers, pencils, squares and protractors are handy to have.
21	Glues Glue Selection is an important aspect of the team’s solution. It’s not Interference to buy an assortment of glues to let them experiment for strength and weight. But let the team make the final selections for the structure. Factors in the selection will include drying time, strength, weight, ease of use. Remind the team to read glue directions for best results. Super glues need good fitting joints to be effective. Get them to think hard about the contacting surfaces. Ask the team to break apart the joints to see what breaks (glue or wood) Have the teams consider the following before making their choice Can the glue be used safely? How strong is the joint created with the glue? How easy is it to create a joint with the glue? How consistent are the joints created with the glue? How long does the glue take to “set” How much weight does the glue add to the structure?
22	Wood Selection There are many species of wood available Have team members experiment with a variety of woods. Sources for tools and Building Materials: SIG Manufacturing Micro-Mark 401 Front St 340 Snyder Ave. Montezuma, IA 50171 Berkeley Heights, NJ 07922 www.sigmfg.com www.micromark.com
23	Designing the Structure Sources for basic design ideas Any book/s with picture of structures (water tower, antennas, watch towers, cell telephone towers, power line tower, etc, bridges, etc.) Take them on field trips. Introductory structure books (see list) Small scale experiments Construct structures out of soda straws and tape to hold up books Some teams even use K-nex
24	Good Texts to Teach Kids Structure Messing Around with Drinking Straw Construction, Bernie Zubrowski, Little, Brown & Co., Ltd, 1981 ISBN )-316-98876-8, 148 pgs, Grade3-adult Building Toothpick Bridges, Jeanne Pollard, Dale Seymour Publications, Palo Alto, CA, 1985 ISBN 0-86651-266-7, 32 pages, Grades 5-adult Structures, Bernie Zubrowski, Cuisenaire Company of America, White Plains NY, 1993, ISBN 0-938567-35-8, 96 pgs, Grades 5-adult (excellent) The Art of construction, Mario Salvadori, Chicago Review Press, Chicago, IL, 1990, ISBN 1-55652-080-8, 200 + pgs, Grades 6-adult (excellent) These can be hard to find in bookstores or libraries; However, they all can be ordered on the web from: www.amazon.com
25	Building to a Plan Plans Always build to a plan (computer drawings of side views are one example) Team manager should encourage team to brainstorm alternate assembly orders/processes. However team decides which they like best. Allows them to keep records of design and performance. Reproducibility It would be Interference for a Team Manager to insist the team use a jig, but it is OK, to expose them to the concept of jigs. Construction Jigs are used to hold pieces in place until glues set. Jigs can be: * Simple foam squares (thick pink insulation) Pin drawing to foam (Dress T-pins are easy to use), pin wood to drawing * Metal background and magnets to hold pieces * Custom wooden frame jigs Have a team brainstorm on ways to improve jigs as their designs mature Teams must build the jigs that they use
26	What A Structure Must Have Strength Buckling is a failure mechanism where long thin members loaded in compression end up “bowing” (& eventually breaking) near the middle. (Depends on length, cross-section and material properties) Stability Many structures “Fail” because they start to lean – and the leaning loads one side of the structure more than the other. Manufacturability Consider building simpler designs first (save the complex ones for later after they’ve gained some experience) Finish Details Stay close to the design Make sure all the joints are good (structure is as good as its weakest joint)
27	Weight Placement The Grand Finale of a Structure Problem begins with Weight Placement The order in which weights are placed, the positioning of the weights and even such details as the hand positioning of the people placing weights can impact the stresses the structure experiences. Plan and Brainstorm contingencies Practice, Practice, Practice…So there are no “Snap” decisions
28	Section 1: Who’s Who at the Presentation Site
29	Who’s Who at the Presentation Site
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32	"The Prep Area Appraiser (..." The Prep Area Appraiser (All Team Challenge Sites) The Prep Area Appraiser will: 1. Greet your team and Team Manager(s) 2. Collect and check all required items, such as paperwork and props 3. Tell you all about the Presentation Site and the Appraisal Team 4. Answer any questions you have and take care of you until it’s time for you to present your solution The Team Challenge Appraiser The Team Challenge Appraiser evaluates some or all of the required things in your team’s Challenge, including the Side Trips. Usually there are at least three Appraisers doing this job. After your Presentation, these Appraisers will come and talk to your team about what they have seen and heard you do. Be sure to show them and tell them about the things of which you are proudest.
33	"The Instant Challenge Appraiser" The Instant Challenge Appraiser There will be at least two or three Instant Challenge Appraisers for each Instant Challenge site. The Appraisers will score your team based on how well you solve your Challenge. Instant Challenge Appraisers are VERY friendly and they love to watch your team work on a solution.
34	"For the On Safari Challenge" For the On Safari Challenge, there are two special Appraisers. 1. The Prep Area Appraiser for Check-In will check your team in before you go into the StuDIo, and make sure you have all the items you need to solve your Improv Challenge. The Prep Area Appraiser for Check-In will introduce you to the StuDIo Supervisor. The Studio Supervisor will take you to your StuDIo, let you randomly select your choices, and watch your team work on its solution. The StuDIo Supervisor will not actually be scoring you in terms of points, but he/she will write down some friendly comments about how your team works together.
35	"Inside DImension Teams:" Inside DImension Teams: The Structure Check-In Appraiser For the Inside DImension Challenge, there is a special Appraiser. The Structure Check-In Appraiser will examine your Structures, measure them and weigh them, and make sure they are in keeping with the guidelines in the Challenge. Before your team goes to the Prep Area for Inside DImension, you MUST have your Structures checked.
36	"Support Officials" Support Officials A Destination ImagiNation Support Official is a person who is part of the Appraisal Team, but who does not specifically evaluate aspects of the team’s Presentation. This includes: 1. The Number Cruncher 2. The Doorkeeper 3. The Timekeeper 4. The Announcer
37	Central Challenge
38	Basic Site Procedures At least 20 minutes prior to Performance, bring props, costumes and required paperwork to the Prep Site (TM’s, parents, and non performing Team Members may help move props to this point) Paperwork should include: 1 copy Declaration of Independence 1 copy of Expense form 5 copies of Tournament Data Form 1 copy of Team requested Clarifications
39	Launch Area The team will then move to the Launch Area, a ‘holding area’ immediately adjacent to the Presentation Site, to wait for their Presentation time. After the team has moved to the Launch Area, the Team Manager(s) and any non-performing team members will be directed to leave the Prep Area and sit in designated seats.
40	How It Begins The Timekeeper/Announcer will introduce the Team and ask…….(team)” Are you Ready?” TimeKeeper will then say, “You may Begin” The team has 8 minutes to complete their Presentation of their solution.
41	When Its Over Take a Bow! Have team stay on site, and be prepared to discuss, demonstrate and brag about their achievement! Time to clean the site – Site must be left clean! (parents, TM’s, and non performing Team members may help remove props, etc…
42	Instant Challenge
43	Instant Challenge Sit Procedures 15 Minutes prior to scheduled IC time team should arrive at the Instant Challenge Check-In Site and give the Check-In Appraiser 1 copy of the Team’s Declaration of Independece. An Appraiser will take the team to the Instant Challenge Room
44	In the Instant Challenge Room All Team members (performing or non performing) and 1 TM may enter the room. Team members repeat a promise of nondisclosure Team members are welcomed and presented with their Instant Challenge. Teams may ask questions but only once ,time has begun.
45	What Do We Do After its Over? Celebrate! Have your own Awards Ceremony Throw a Pizza Party Start making group plans for next year!